SKOS

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  • Welcome


    Welcome to the website of S.KO.S. founded on 9 December 1998, with shareholders being the secondary cooperative associations in whose areas, currants (black Corinthian raisins) are produced.

    With its foundation, the company has replaced the Autonomous Currants Organization (ASO) whose is considered to be its successor and from which transferred the most of his assets.

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    We provide unique value driven
    products

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  • Company’s targets


    • The collection, storage, preservation, processing, packaging and trading currants and its derivatives.
    • The concern generally for improving the conditions of cultivation of currants, by reducing production costs and improving quality.
    • The balance of supply to the demand for the product of currants.
    • The advertising and generally the care for the expansion of consumption of currants.
    • The production or supply of immune propagating material, from specifically to this conserved plantations, in order to spread variety.
    • The management of quality screening and industrial retentate (lawful interception product raisin by its processing).
    • The responsibility for addressing the risk of phylloxera.
    • The supply of materials to producers needed for drying currants.
    • The direct concentration from the cooperatives or producers of any domestic raw material suitable for the manufacture of alcohol.
    • The creation of a chemical and quality control laboratory to meet the needs of those dealing with currants.
    • To undertake programs of either the European Union or Greek state aiming to benefit currants.
    • The distribution of all kinds of subsidies provided to currants’ cultivators from State or European Union.
    • The direct concentration from the cooperatives or producers of any domestic raw material suitable for the manufacture of alcohol and the supply with this material to those industries producing alcohol. Also the import of molasses or other raw material for alcohol production.
    • This anonymous cooperative company founded with the aim of the receipt of this divisible rate of eighty percent (80%) of the total assets of the ASO as provided in Article 20 of law 2538/1997.
    • To achieve its objectives, the Company may:
    • To participate in any business that exists or will be established in the future, domestic or foreign, with identical or similar purpose, of any corporate form.
    • To cooperate with any invivindual or legal entity in any way, establish a business, about processing  and transformation and packaging of consumer goods, which it trades.
    • To establish branches or offices anywhere in Greece or abroad.
    • To represent any company, domestic or foreign, with identical or similar purpose.
    • To buy, sell, lease and rent agricultural and residential real estate, mobile and all types of vehicles.
    • The cultivated acres are now about 160.000. The produced dried currants is about 42,000 tonnes of which 34,000 tonnes is available for consumption mainly abroad and approximately 8,000 tonnes (quality and industrial retentate) for other industrial uses mainly for Vinegar 95%, for stafidini and alcohol the remaining 5%.
    • Already S.KO.S by the decisions of its administrative bodies has launched several actions to achieve the objectives which will immediately begin to be implemented.

  • SHAREHOLDERS

    Union of Agricultural Cooperatives (EAS) of AEGHIO

    Address: 201 Corinth, Aegio.
    Phone: 2691022410, Fax: 2691022384
    E-mail: currants@pesunion.gr

    http://www.pesunion.gr/

    EAS of AMALIAS

    Address: Eleftherios Venizelos 33 - Amaliada.
    Phone: 2622028911, Fax: 2622028539


    EAS OF ZAKYNTHOS

    Address: 42 Lomvardou, Zakynthos.
    Phone: 2635027612, Fax: 2695088868
    E-mail: easzakynthoy@aias.gr


    EAS OF ILIA - OLYMPIA

    Address: 8 Kokkinou T.Petropoulou, Tower.
    Phone: 2621029973, Fax: 2621035712 
    E-mail: eashleiasolympias@yahoo.gr

    EAS OF CEPHALONIA

    Address: Antonis Tritsi 1 Likiardopoulata, Kefalonia.
    Phone: 2671022512, Fax: 2671024512 
    E-mail: enosigoe@aias.gr


    EAS OF KIATO

    Address: Sikyon 30 Kiato.
    Phone: 2742022229 , Fax: 2742022455 
    E-mail: easkiato@otenet.gr


    EAS OF MESSINIA

    Address: Iatropoulou 10 Kalamata.
    Phone: 2721029880 , Fax: 2721084693 
    E-mail: mesunion@otenet.gr


    EAS OF NEMEA

    Address: Annunciation & Christopoulos, Nemea.
    Phone: 2746023309 , Fax: 2746024014 
    E-mail: egsn@acn.gr


    EAS OF XYLOKASTRO

    Address: Theseus & Dede Lieutenant, Xilokastro.
    Phone: 2743022432 , Fax: 2743022821 
    E-mail: unionxyl@hol.gr


    EAS OF PATRAS

    Address: 38 Anthias, Patras.
    Phone: 2610362705 , Fax: 2610223832
    E-mail: coopatra@otenet.gr

  • Management Board


    PRESIDENT: Athanasios Sotiropoulos

    VICE PRESIDENT: Konstantinos Katsoulis

    MANAGING DIRECTOR: Miltiadis Stauropoulos

    MEMBERS OF BOARD:

    Basilios Karelis

    Christos Kostakis

    Georgios Lazogiannis

    Dimitrios Paraskeuopoulos

    Anastasios Tomaras

    Panagiotis Tsarouxis

  • Balance sheets

    Balance sheet 2013

  • Nursery gardens


    Αποθηκευμένα δεμάτια έτοιμα προς πώληση
    Δέμα ποικιλίας R 110 όπως είναι κομμένο στο χωράφι

    Έτοιμα αποθηκευμένα δεμάτια προς πώληση
    Καρτελάκι επάνω σε δεμάτιο που απεικονίζει την ποικιλία, την περιοχή καλλιέργειας και κοπής και το έτος κοπής

    Καταμέτρηση μοσχευμάτων
    Κοπή μοσχευμάτων με αεροψάλιδο

    S.KO.S.  has the target to maintain the quality of Currants

    Before a decade in collaboration with Mr. Manolis Stavrakakis (teacher and laboratory director of viticulture Athens University) in Korakochori-Ilia, installed a 10-acre experimental variations of currants, where conducted experiments to show which variants are more resistant to diseases, ripening time, productivity and evaluate the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the finished product in the given soil and climatic conditions. Additional experiments have been done in order to improve the methods and techniques of drying.

    Following that systematic research and experiments - S.KO.S. this year (2013) is able to provide producers grafted rooted cuttings of currants for new facilities that will meet the great qualitative and quantitative standards. The ultimate goal of this effort is to ensure the quality of Currants, supplying producers with genuine, healthy and clean material.

  • FACTORY

    Primaroli Α.Ε.

    The company Primaroli SA is specialized  in the production, processing and marketing of Black Currants (Corinthian raisins) and sultanas. It is a subsidiary of S.KO.S.

    As a leading and primary purpose has the production-trading-promoting, high quality Greek raisins, sultanas and black currants for members shareholders of S.KO.S. and for its own account (its own brand). The company's goal is to produce and promote the consumption of Greek raisins through the creation of a high quality and nutritionally, natural product.

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    We provide unique value driven
    products

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    Praesent vestibulum molestie lacus. Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo.

    Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
    Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo. Ut tellus dolor, dapibus eget, elementum vel, cursus eleifend, elit. Aenean auctor wisi et urna.

    Praesent vestibulum molestie lacus.
    Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo. Ut tellus dolor, dapibus eget, elementum.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    Praesent vestibulum molestie lacus. Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo.

    Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
    Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo. Ut tellus dolor, dapibus eget, elementum vel, cursus eleifend, elit. Aenean auctor wisi et urna.

    Praesent vestibulum molestie lacus.
    Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo. Ut tellus dolor, dapibus eget, elementum.

    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.
    Praesent vestibulum molestie lacus. Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui. Fusce feugiat malesuada odio. Morbi nunc odio, gravida at, cursus nec, luctus a, lorem. Maecenas tristique orci ac sem. Duis ultricies pharetra magna. Donec accumsan malesuada orci. Donec sit amet eros. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Mauris fermentum dictum magna. Sed laoreet aliquam leo.

  • HISTORY OF Currants


    Rarely has the story of a place so closely be connected with an agricultural product as the region of southwestern Peloponnese with currants.
    Cultivation until the liberation (1830) was relatively limited. From the early years of the founding of the modern Greek state, the cultivaton began to take impressive dimensions due to external demand for the product in the European market and especially the English.
    Ships full of currants from was leaving from ports of Peloponnese with destination to major markets abroad. Until 1860, land with currants totalled 120,000 to 150,000 acres while in the period 1830 to 1860 the volume of dried currants was tenfold following the corresponding increase in exports.
    Over the next two decades, currants became the main export product of the Greek Kingdom. 
    Around the cultivation and marketing of currants was knitted slowly a network of activities formed a hierarchical pyramid. From the small cultivator, the retailer of the village, to the interim city trader and wholesaler.
    The currants required a whole range of jobs. However this booming region thanks to the production and trade of currants often overshadowed.
    The first clouds occurred in the 1850s due to the phylloxera epidemic and in 1877, the clouds reappeared with the recession of the English market. The price collapse prevented from the grand opening of the French market in October 1879, which resulted in the fall of French wine because of phylloxera hit French vineyards.
    The currants was sought after and the agricultural production was adapted in this favorable situation.
    The construction of the railway line and specifically the line Pyrgos-Katakolon, which opened on February 3, 1883 and was the first across Greece, and immediately after the construction of the railway line Piraeus - Kalamata connecting all major cities, testify the bloom and the importance of currants trade.
    However the new French vineyards which planted in the meantime, came to fruition, the French market was closed and began the famous raisin crisis that was a catalyst for the local economy and society.
    From the golden era were not only but debris, usury flourished, immigration – the only way out for those who could not be absorbed in the local labor market - began and it was massive, the currants mutiny apperared and and shook the areas of currants. The collapse of currants trade had become a fact, had irreparably hurt the local economy and society and had sow panic among residents.
    Main cause of raisin crisis of 1890 was the lack of raisin policy. The government tried to counter the crisis by taking various measures including the protection of the production by the policy of retention (separation of the qualities of the best export and store and forward trough the winery and distillery), but the consequences of the crisis was now irreversible.
    The need for the disposal of the product, however, was urgent and only way out was now the internal market.
    The unsold surplus of currants created  the conditions for the creation of industrial activities of restructuring it. The raisin crisis marks the industrialization of the area and during the last decade of the 19th century begins a process of industrial takeoff by creating numerous wineries and distilleries.

  • History of the company


    In August 1925, the Autonomous Currants Organization (ASO) was established, as a Legal Entity supervised by the Greek State for the protection of cultivation and trading of currants, which until December 1997 by a law was decided to be dissolved, played dominant role in currants. ASO founded factories for currants, winemakers, built warehouses, which continue to this day to mark the landscape and to remember the years of currants,  that marked the history of the region and its people for over a hundred years, setting a catalyst to date their course.
    On 12.09.1998 the S.KO.S was founded, with its shareholders being the agricultural cooperative associations of regions producing currants, that is the successor of the ASO from which was transferred the 80% of its assets. Establishing S.KO.S. marked another era, a time of change in the international market because of the regime in the European Union and especially the globalization of the market.
    The prospects for achieving the objectives of the company is large and consists of: 
    Economic self reliance, flexibility because of its operation with private sector criteria and knowledge (know how) the company and its members, the cooperatives, have.
    Furthermore, the establishment of the company and the dissolution of the ASO this purpose had, to be able to work flexibly and in partnership with the Cooperative Organizations, ability which was not the ASO have had, due to the legal framework.

  • Προϊοντα

    Multifunctional products in the agricultural
    specialty field

    crop
    protection

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    seeds

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    Micronutrient
    Fertilizers

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    Company
    Distribution

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  • Μελετες

    Providing development of new
    agricultural inputs and systems!

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    more info

    Ανακοινώσεις

    We are committed to achieve
    agricultural growth !

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    more info

    Εργασίες

    We develop and produce only
    superior organic products!

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    tibulum erdiet suscipit ac tstique libero.
    porta. Donec id ante mana. Nullamsol.

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  • STUDIES


    SKOS since 2009 is deducting research project and clinical studies to illustrate the components of currants and their beneficial properties on human health.
    The project is co-financed by national and EU funds. In particular, the GSRT (Management and Implementation Agency for RTD and Innovation Activities) and the European Regional Development Fund, finance part of the project.

    SURVEY RESULTS

    Replacing unhealthy snacks by Corinthian currants in usual and moderate quantity can improve health biomarkers in patients with controlled Type 2 Diabetes. It has been found that adoption of this dietary habit may reduce diastolic blood pressure and increase the levels of plasma antioxidants in type 2 diabetic patients.
    Just 11% of people in Europe and America eat the recommended servings of fruits and vegetables. Thus, bioactive ingredients that hire are not enough to maintain good health and protection from diseases. Currants contain antioxidants similar to those of fresh fruit that help maintain the health of people.
    Currants are a moderate glycemic index fruit. They can be consumed in small amounts even by diabetic patients instead of sweet in a balanced diet. 

    See the paper

    Antioxidants contained in currants may reduce the risk for malignancies in the stomach and colon. Thus, in a balanced diet, currants’ antioxidants can help maintain the health of our digestive system.

  • Nutritional facts


    Nutritional Information

    Total solids

    84 - 87g

    Moisture content

    14 - 17g

    Carbohydrates

    75 ± 2 g

    Sugars

    68 ± 2g

    Proteins

    2,5 g

    Fats

    < 0,4 g

    Dietary fiber

    6,7 g

    Ash

    1,7 g

    Energy

    320 Kcal (1340kJ)

    Vitamins

    A, B6, B12, C, E
    Niacin, Folic Acid

    Minerals per 100g

    Potassium

    0,7 g

    Magnesium

    30 mg

    Iron

    4 mg

    Zinc

    0,6 mg

    Calcium

    10 mg

    Phosphorus

    180 mg

  • PAPERS-WORKS

    CURRANTS AS A PRODUCT OF HIGH NUTRITION VALUE
    VAIOS Th KARATHANOS
    PROFESSOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND DIET
    HAROKOPIO UNIVERSITY

    Introduction
    The raisin and even currants (black corinthian raisins) are a dried fruit used for centuries as an ingredient of Greek diet with references from ancient times. There is mention of Homer for drying grapes offered to Odysseus on the island of Corfu. The currants were, along with dried figs, the main sweetener for centuries. The trade of native Greek variety, black corinthian raisins (currants), flourished with many exports to the West during the period of Elizabethan era (16th century). In the second half of the 19th century and the period of recovery of the newly established Greek state, currants’ exports accounted for 80% of total Greek exports. Even today currants are exported almost entirely to the markets of Western Europe (about 25,000 tonnes per year) and either consumed in biscuits and other bakery or snack. Especially in Northern Europe and in the U.S.A., currants are consumed as "brunch" by students and other consumers in large quantities instead of fresh fruit with very good acceptance among young students.
    Significant investments, strict quality control under the supervision of the Ministry of Rural Development and Food and the expertise make today the Greek corinthian raisins a product with high purity, of the safest food products and valuable exportable product.
    Currants, along with olive oil, are considered in the western markets as one of the most characteristic ambassadors of Greek food. 
    The following text  is a summary of research carried out at Harokopio University or other research centers regarding currants. Already one doctoral dissertation has been prepared related to currants and ongoing research projects about the effects of currants to nutrition and consumer health. Full list and detailed presentation of positive health effects is available to any interested party.

    The Nutritional Value of currants
    The latest dietary recommendations suggest eating variety of nutritious foods, which, within the recommended caloric intake, provide a variety of , nutritious and beneficial to human health, components. As "nutritional" are characterized foods that provide adequate amounts of micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, etc.) in proportion to the calories they give back. They include foods from all food groups, focusing mainly on fruits, vegetables and wholegrain cereals, low-fat foods and foods with no added sugar [1].
    Currants belong to the "Nutritional" fruit. They can be eaten as a nutritious snack, rich in dietary fiber, carbohydrates with a low glycemic index, minerals, vitamins and other micronutrients [2,3].  Their content in fat and cholesterol is low. The overall nutritional value of currants makes them a great choice of snack for both weight control and for maintaining good human health. Their proper use of the daily diet helps the control of glucose and cholesterol, the good functioning of the digestive system and the regulation of blood pressure [2,4,5].
    Regarding the containing of currants in carbohydrates, a large percentage consist of one very large percentage of fructose, which provides energy and also classifies the currants in low glycemic index foodstuffs [6]. Postprandial glycemic response is influenced by both the glycemic index of the carbohydrate and the amount of carbohydrate in the food. Currants, although they are a food rich in carbohydrates, contain a high percentage of fructose, which has a glycemic index of 19, significantly lower than that of glucose (100). Fructose has the property of being sweeter than the common sugar and the glucose that is present in most foods that are based on flour thus imparts much greater sweetness impression compared to contribute calories. Obviously the fructose of currants is natural, coming from the grape and it is not a product of starch’s hydrolysis. The fructose content, combined with the relatively high content of currants in fiber, low in fat, and no cholesterol, making currants a healthy snack for all groups of people. 
    Additionally currants contain very high percentage of fiber and fruit-oligosaccharides, which gives them prebiotic properties. These components act as substrate for beneficial bacteria in the colon, thus helping in proper functioning of the digestive system while preventing the biosynthesis of cholesterol [2,4,5]. Research in healthy volunteers [5] showed that eating 1 currants equivalent per day (2 tablespoons, about 40 g) can reduce the transit time in the colon and levels of bile acids, thereby playing an important role in the function of the colon bowel and decreasing the risk of cancer of the colon. 
    Additionally, this dried fruit is a source of vitamins and minerals such as iron, potassium and calcium. Compared with the banana, which is considered very good source of potassium, an equivalent currants (2 tablespoons) provides similar amount of potassium (352 mg vs. 358 mg / equivalent food, USDA), thus playing an important role in regulating blood pressure [7]. 
    Currants have additionally polyphenolic components [8] (flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, procyanidins, resveratrol). Polyphenols are compounds that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging and anti-cancer activity [4,11]. Studies have shown that regular consumption of antioxidant compounds may help prevent diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Food Harokopio University, have been detected and quantified a range of antioxidant polyphenolics in currants [9], including benzoic acids, cinnamic acids and flavonoids such as quercetin and resveratrol. Further laboratory studies have shown that currants polyphenols can prevent the oxidation of atherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL, known as "bad cholesterol"), the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy volunteers and to protect other endogenous antioxidants in the human body [11,12]. In a recent survey indicated further that currants’ polyphenols exhibit in vitro antitumor activity in gastric epithelial cells [13]. 
    It should also be noted that drying of currants, even subsequent heating during cooking eg. bakery with currants, does not create inferior product. This has been demonstrated by investigations [14] and it is understood if we consider that the positive effect of the components of currants is not based on the presence of heat-sensitive vitamins, but on the strong presence of antioxidants, encapsulated in the natural membrane and the large amount of dietary fiber.

    Conclusion
    All these above make the currants a nutritionally excellent product, whose good consumption in daily diet may be beneficial for human health. 
    Contains functional components (fiber, polyphenols), ie components that beyond the nutritional value, provide a beneficial effect on human health and reduce the risk for chronic diseases such as colon cancer and cardiovascular disease. The standards of the Mediterranean diet suggest eating 4-5 fruits a day. By eating a currants’ equivalent (2 tablespoons, 40 g approx) is covered one- third of the daily requirement of fruits.
    Currants may well be compared with any fresh fruit from most of which excels in the antioxidant content, trace elements and the percentage of dietary fiber. Due to its ease of maintenance can be easily available and does not require special storage conditions as other fresh fruit. Prerequisite, of course, is the existence of appropriate packaging (eg individual polyethylene packaging) and its production to be made in factories certified and all the required quality standards to be fulfilled  (ISO 22000). Also, it is essential the existence of  appropriate quality certificates from accredited laboratories (ISO 17025) and under the supervision of the Ministry of Rural Development and Food.
    The Greek currants (black corinthian raisins) are, therefore, a food rich in nutrients, which classify them as a "functional" food, namely those foods that contain ingredients that beyond the nutritional value provide a beneficial effect on human health. 

    Bibliography
    1. Rampersaud GC. A Comparison of Nutrient Density Scores for 100% Fruit Juices. J. Food Sci. 2007; 72 (4): S261-S266.
    2. Camire M., Dougherty MP. Raisin Dietary Fiber Composition and in Vitro Bile Acid Binding. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2003; 51 (3): 834-837.
    4. Puglisi MJ, Vaishnav U, Shrestha S, Torres-Gonzalez M, Wood RJ, Volek JS, Fernandez ML. Raisins and additional walking have distinct effects on plasma lipids and inflammatory cytokines. Lipids Health Dis. 2008 Apr 16: 7-14.
    5. Spiller GA, Story JA, Lodics TA, Pollack M, Monyan S, Butterfield G, Spiller M. Effect of sun-dried raisins on bile acid excretion, intestinal transit time, and fecal weight: a dose-response study. J. Medicinal Foods 2003; 6(2): 87-91.
    6. Kima Y, Hertzlerb RS., Byrnec ΚΗ., Matternc OC. Raisins are a low to moderate glycemic index food with a correspondingly low insulin index. Nutr. Res. 2008; 28: 304–308.
    7. Lazarou C, Kouta C. Nutritional approaches in tackling hypertension. Brit. J. Comm. Nurs. 2008; 13(9): 423-428.
    8. Karadeniz F, Durst R.W, Wrolstad R.E: Polyphenolic composition of raisins. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2000; 48: 5343-5350.
    9. Chiou A, Karathanos VT, Mylona A, Salta FN, Preventi F, Andrikopoulos, NK. Currants (Vitis vinifera L.) content of simple phenolics and antioxidant activity. Food Chem. 2007; 102: 516-522.
    10. Boskou G, Salta NF, Chrysostomou S, Mylona A, Chiou A., Andrikopoulos KN. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic profile of table olives from the Greek market. Food Chem. 2006, 94: 558-564.
    11. Kris-Etherton PM, Hecker KD, Bonanome A, Coval SM, Binkoski AE, Hilpert KF, Griel AE, Etherton TD. Bioactive compounds in foods: their role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Am. J. Med. 2002 Dec 30; 113 Suppl. 9B: 71S-88S.
    12. Kaliora AC, Kountouri AM, Karathanos VT. Antioxidant properties of raisins (Vitis Vinifera L.). J. Medicinal Foods 2009; 12(6): 1302-1309.
    13. Kaliora AC, Kountouri AM, Karathanos VT, Koumbi L, Papadopoulos NG, Andrikopoulos NK. Effect of Greek Raisins (Vitis Vinifera L.) from different origins on gastric cancer cell growth. Nutrition and Cancer 2008; 60(6): 1-9.
    14. Mourtzinos I, Konteles S, Kalogeropoulos N, Karathanos VT. Thermal Oxidation of Vanillin Affects its Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties. Food Chem.; 114(3): 791-797.

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